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fossil water
Fossil water or paleowater is groundwater that has remained sealed in an aquifer for thousands or even millions of years due to changes in the surrounding geology. The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System is among the most notable of fossil water reserves. Fossil aquifers also exist in the Sahara, the Kalahari, and the Ogallala underlying the US Great Plains. A further potential store of ancient water is Lake Vostok, a subglacial lake in Antarctica.
==Effects of aquifer depletion==
Fossil water is, by definition, a non-renewable resource. Whereas most aquifers are naturally replenished by infiltration of water from precipitation, fossil aquifers are those that get little or no recharge.〔 The extraction of water from such non-replenishing groundwater reserves (known as low safe-yield reserves) is known in hydrology as ''water mining''.〔(NOAA glossary detailing 'Ground Water Mining' )〕 If water is pumped from a well at a withdrawal rate that exceeds the natural recharge rate (which, in a fossil aquifer, is very low or zero), the water table drops, forming a depression in the water levels around the well.
Aquifer drawdown or overdrafting and the pumping of fossil water increases the total amount of water in the hydrosphere, and may be responsible for up to one quarter of the Earth's total sea level rise since the beginning of the 20th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rising sea levels attributed to global groundwater extraction )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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